E-Bike and E-Scooter Laws by State

E-bikes: Uses the three-class e-bike framework under Ala. Code § 32-1-1.1 and § 32-5A-267.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 28 mph; must be equipped with a speedometer.Persons under 16 may not operate a Class 3 electric bicycle. Helmets are required for operators and riders of Class 3 e-bikes. Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Local governments may prohibit Class 1 or Class 2 e-bikes on bicycle or multi-use paths if needed for safety, and may prohibit Class 3 on those paths as well.E-scooters: Defined as “scooters” in Ala. Code § 32-1-1.1(62). Scooters are devices under 100 pounds with handlebars and an electric motor, powered by motor or human power, with a maximum motor-only speed of 20 mph; excludes e-bikes, mopeds, motorcycles, and Segways. Shared micromobility devices under Ala. Code § 32-19-2 are exempt from registration, license plates, insurance, and operator licensing, but must follow bicycle rules of the road. Sidewalk riding is prohibited for vehicles under Ala. Code § 32-5A-52. Local governments may impose additional age, equipment, and access restrictions. For privately owned scooters, the statutes do not clearly exempt them from motor-vehicle provisions; interpretation often falls to local ordinances and enforcement practices.Statutes: Ala. Code § 32-1-1.1(62) (definition of scooter) Ala. Code § 32-19-2 (shared micromobility devices: exemptions, rights, local regulation)Ala. Code § 32-5A-267 (House Bill 273 that was enacted: operation and regulation of electric bicycles, path access, helmet and age requirements)Ala. Code § 32-5A-52 (prohibition of vehicles on sidewalks) navigate to Title 32 → Chapter 5A → § 52

E-bikes: Uses the three-class e-bike framework codified in Alaska Stat. § 28.90.990(a)(33)–(37). Electric assisted bicycles are treated legally as bicycles in many contexts. E-bikes are excluded from motor vehichle, motor-driven cycle, and are afforded the same rights and duties as bicycles. Under Alaska law (13.AAC 02.385), bicyclists have the same rights and responsibilities as drivers.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling and ceases assistance at 28 mph.Riders must hold a valid operator license, and the minimum age to ride is 14. Helmets are not required under state law. Electric assisted bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.E-scooters: Alaska statutes include a definition for an electric personal motor vehicle that refers to a self balancing two wheeled device with an electric propulsion system and a maximum speed of not more than 15 mph. This definition covers EPAMD type devices, not stand up kick scooters. No statewide statute specific to electric scooters found for reference. Rules are generally governed by local ordinances. Riders should check city or county codes for applicable requirements.Statutes: Alaska Stat. § 28.90.990(a)(33)–(37) (electric assisted bicycle classes) Alaska Stat. § 28.90.990(a)(14) (electric personal motor vehicle definition) Alaska Administrative Code (“AAC”) Title 13, Chapter 02, Section 385

E-bikes: Uses the three-class framework under Arizona Rev. Stat. § 28-819.Class 1: Equipped with an electric motor that provides assistance only when pedaling and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with an electric motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with an electric motor that provides assistance only when pedaling and ceases assistance at 28 mph.Electric bicycles are not subject to title, registration, driver’s license, vehicle insurance, or vehicle license tax requirements. A permanent manufacturer label must display the class number, top assisted speed, and motor wattage. Class 1, Class 2, and electric stand-up scooters may use bicycle and multi-use paths unless a local authority prohibits their use. Class 3 electric bicycles may not use a bicycle or multi-use path unless it is within or adjacent to a highway or roadway or unless local authority authorizes their use.E-scooters: Electric stand-up scooters are defined under § 28-819 and are granted the same rights and duties as bicyclists. No additional statewide scooter requirements were located. Riders should check city or county codes for applicable rules.Statutes: Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 28-819 (electric bicycles, class definitions, path access, labeling, scooter definition)

E-bikes: Uses the three-class framework under Ark. Code Ann. § 27-51-1702. Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used to propel the bicycle without pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 28 mph; must be equipped with a speedometer.Electric bicycles are not subject to vehicle registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Persons under 16 may not operate a Class 3 electric bicycle; a person under 16 may ride as a passenger on a Class 3 if the bicycle is designed to carry a passenger. Riders and passengers under 21 on a Class 3 must wear a helmet meeting bicycle standards. Local governments may restrict or allow Class 3 on bicycle paths or multi-use trails.E-scooters: State law regulates “electric motorized scooters.” A person under 16 may not operate one, and operation above 15 mph is prohibited. Local governments may impose additional rules; the code also addresses shared scooter programs and insurance.Statutes: Ark. Code Ann. § 27-51-1702 (class definitions) Search PDF for statute number Ark. Code Ann. § 27-51-1706 (Class 3: age, helmet, speedometer) Search PDF for statute number Ark. Code Ann. § 27-51-1902 (electric motorized scooter definitions) Search PDF for statute number Ark. Code Ann. § 27-51-1903 (operation, age, speed-cap) Search PDF for statute number Ark. Code Ann. § 27-51-1904, § 27-51-1905 (shared scooter insurance; local authority) Search PDF for statute number

E-bikes: Uses the three-class e-bike framework under Cal. Veh. Code § 312.5. Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance when the bicycle reaches 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used to propel the bicycle without pedaling, ceasing assistance when the bicycle reaches 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance when the bicycle reaches 28 mph, and must be equipped with a speedometer.Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Riders of Class 3 e-bikes must be at least 16 years old and wear helmets. Local governments may restrict e-bike operation on bicycle paths, trails, bikeways, or lanes under § 21207.5, unless specifically authorized by ordinance.E-scooters: Defined as motorized scooters under Cal. Veh. Code § 407.5. Maximum speed is 15 mph. Riders under 18 must wear helmets. A valid driver’s license or instruction permit is required under § 21235. Motorized scooters may be operated on roadways and bicycle lanes but are generally prohibited on sidewalks. Local governments may impose additional requirements and restrictions.Statutes: Cal. Veh. Code § 312.5 (definitions, e-bike classes, wattage and labeling) Cal. Veh. Code § 21207.5 (path, trail, bikeway restrictions for e-bikes) Cal. Veh. Code § 407.5 (definition of motorized scooters) Cal. Veh. Code § 21235 (helmet, license, speed, and equipment for scooters)

E-bikes: Uses the three-class e-bike framework under Colo. Rev. Stat. § 42-1-102(28.5) and § 42-4-1412. Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance when the bicycle reaches 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used to propel the bicycle without pedaling, ceasing assistance when the bicycle reaches 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance when the bicycle reaches 28 mph, and must be equipped with a speedometer.Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Class 1 and Class 2 e-bikes may use bicycle or multi-use paths unless a local jurisdiction prohibits them. Class 3 e-bikes are restricted from multi-use paths unless specifically authorized by local regulation. Riders of Class 3 e-bikes must be at least 16 years old and wear helmets.E-scooters: Defined as “electric scooters” under Colo. Rev. Stat. § 42-1-102(28.8). Scooters are permitted on roadways and bicycle lanes but are prohibited on sidewalks. Maximum speed is capped at 20 mph. Riders must follow the same rules of the road that apply to bicycles. Local governments may regulate access and impose additional requirements.Statutes: Colo. Rev. Stat. § 42-1-102(28.5) (definitions, e-bike classes) ISSUE BRIEF gives context Colo. Rev. Stat. § 42-4-1412 (operation, definitions of bicycles and e-bikes) Colo. Rev. Stat. § 42-1-102(28.8) (definition of electric scooter)

E-bikes: Recognized under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-1 and § 14-286. The state has adopted the three-class framework. Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used to propel the bicycle without pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 28 mph, and must be equipped with a speedometer.Riders of Class 3 e-bikes must be at least 16 years old. Passengers are permitted only on a seat designed for more than one person. Helmets are required for Class 3 operators and passengers. Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements. Local governments may regulate access to paths or facilities.E-scooters: Defined separately as “electric foot scooters” under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-1. Operation is allowed on roadways and bicycle lanes but prohibited on sidewalks. Riders must be at least 16 years old and wear helmets. Local governments may establish additional restrictions.Statutes: Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-1 (Definitions, e-bikes & scooters) Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-286 (Operation of bicycles & e-bikes etc.)

E-bikes: Uses the three-class framework under Del. Code tit. 21 § 1-101(1).Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance when the bicycle reaches 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used to propel the bicycle without pedaling, ceasing assistance when the bicycle reaches 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance when the bicycle reaches 28 mph; must be equipped with a speedometer.Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Operators and passengers under 16 on Class 3 bicycles must wear approved helmets. Local authorities may regulate use of e-bikes on sidewalks, trails, bike-paths, and bicycle-only facilities, and may prohibit their use on natural surface non-motorized trails.E-scooters: “Motorized skateboards or scooters” are addressed under Del. Code tit. 21 §§ 101(39), 4198N, and related sections. They are not allowed on public highways, streets, sidewalks, or rights-of-way except when pushed across or when power is disengaged. A person under 16 may not operate one without wearing a bicycle-type helmet; local jurisdictions may impose further rules.Statutes: Del. Code tit. 21 § 1-101(39) Definitions: motorized skateboard or scooter; electric bicycle; class definitions Del. Code tit. 21 § 4198P Operation of electric bicycles: path/right-of-way access; helmet and speedometer requirement for Class 3 Del. Code tit. 21 § 4198N Operation of motorized skateboard or scooter: highways, streets, sidewalks

E-bikes: Does not use the three-class framework. “Motorized bicycle” is defined under D.C. Code § 50-2201.02(11A) as a bicycle with operable pedals and a motor that cannot propel the device at more than 20 mph on level ground. Riders must be at least 16 years old. Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Operation is prohibited on sidewalks, off-street bike paths, or bicycle routes per DCMR Title 18, § 1201.18.E-scooters: “Electric mobility device” is defined under D.C. Code § 50-2201.02(6B). Local regulations and programs govern their use. Riders must follow bicycle traffic rules. Local provisions restrict sidewalk or path use similar to motorized bicycles.Statutes: D.C. Code § 50-2201.02 – Definitions (includes definitions for “motorized bicycle” in § 11A, “electric mobility device” in § 6B) 50 D.C. Code § 50-1501.01 – Definitions; includes “motor vehicle” definitions that refer to motorized bicycle (as defined in § 50-2201.02(11A)) 18 DCMR § 1200.10 — minimum age 16 for motorized bicycle operators (see note [13] citing §1200.10) 18 DCMR § 1201.18 — sidewalk / off-street path prohibition for motorized bicycles (see note [14] citing § 1201.18)

E-bikes: Uses the three-class e-bike framework under Fla. Stat. § 316.003 and § 316.20655.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling and ceases assistance at 28 mph.Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Operators of e-bikes have the same rights and duties as bicyclists. A permanent label must show the class, top assisted speed, and motor wattage. The motor must disengage when the rider stops pedaling or applies the brakes. Local governments may regulate operation and may set minimum operator ages or require photo identification. Riders and passengers under 16 must wear a helmet meeting federal standards.E-scooters: Defined as “motorized scooters” under Fla. Stat. § 316.003. A motorized scooter has a maximum speed of 20 mph and may be operated without a driver license, registration, or insurance. Operators have the same rights and duties as bicyclists except for provisions that by their nature do not apply. Local governments may regulate operation and may establish minimum ages or identification requirements. Helmet requirements for persons under 16 apply under the bicycle helmet statute.Statutes: Fla. Stat. § 316.003 — definitions: electric bicycle, micromobility device, motorized scooter Fla. Stat. § 316.20655 — operation of electric bicycles: rights, duties, labeling, disengagement, local regulation Fla. Stat. § 316.2065(3)(d) — helmet requirement for riders and passengers under 16 Fla. Stat. § 316.2128 — operation of micromobility devices and motorized scooters

E-bikes: Uses the three-class e-bike framework under Ga. Code Ann. § 40-1-1 and § 40-6-294.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 28 mph; must be equipped with a speedometer.Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Riders must be at least 15 years old to operate a Class 3 e-bike, and those under 16 may only ride as passengers. Operators and passengers on Class 3 e-bikes must wear helmets. Class 3 e-bikes may not be operated on a bicycle path or shared use path unless it is adjacent to a highway or roadway or unless specifically authorized by local regulation. Local authorities and state agencies may further restrict or allow electric bicycle use on paths under their jurisdiction.E-scooters: Georgia law addresses “Electric Personal Assistive Mobility Devices” (EPAMDs) under Ga. Code Ann. § 40-1-1 and Part 2A of Article 13. EPAMDs are self-balancing, two-wheeled devices with a maximum speed under 20 mph. Operators must be at least 16 years old to ride on highways, though those under 16 may ride on sidewalks if wearing a helmet. EPAMDs may be operated on roads with speed limits of 35 mph or less and in bicycle lanes, and may use sidewalks if a minimum of 48 inches of clear path is maintained for accessibility. Reflectors, lights, and brakes are required equipment. Local governments may impose additional rules.Statutes: Ga. Code Ann. § 40-1-1 — definitions: electric assisted bicycle, EPAMD Ga. Code Ann. § 40-6-294 — operation of bicycles and e-bikes; path restrictions Ga. Code Ann. § 40-6-300 — definitions for electric assisted bicycles: class definitions Ga. Code Ann. § 40-6-301 — rights and duties of electric assisted bicycle operators Ga. Code Ann. § 40-6-302 — labeling of electric assisted bicycles; required equipment Ga. Code Ann. § 40-6-303 — location of operation; age limitations; required safety equipment Ga. Code Ann. § 40-6-320 — operation of electric personal assistive mobility devices: highways, sidewalks, lanes Ga. Code Ann. § 40-6-325 — EPAMD equipment; minimum age and helmet requirement

E-bikes: Uses Hawaii’s “low-speed electric bicycle” definition (operable pedals; motor; less than 20 mph on paved level surface) under HRS § 286-2 and related law. (Act 241 / HB 812)Owners must register electric bicycles and pay a registration fee. Operators must be at least 15 years old, and helmets are required for those under 16. Electric bicycles are allowed wherever regular bicycles are permitted, including bike paths.E-scooters: Electric foot scooters are defined under HRS § 291C-139. No person under 15 years of age may operate an electric foot scooter on any highway, street, roadway, or public property. Persons under 16 must wear a bicycle-helmet-standard safety helmet securely fastened with a chin strap when operating one. Operators are granted all rights and subject to all duties of drivers under the traffic code, except for parts of law that by their nature do not apply. Counties may regulate speed, where they may be ridden (including on sidewalks, bike lanes, or roads), storage or docking locations, insurance requirements, and safety requirements. Electric foot scooters must not carry passengers; operator must maintain use of both hands while operating. At night (30 minutes after sunset to 30 minutes before sunrise), lighting and reflectors required. Maximum speed is capped statewide at 15 mph.Statutes: Haw. Rev. Stat. § 291C-139 — Electric foot scooters: definition, age, helmet, rights/duties, speed, equipment requirements Haw. Rev. Stat. § 286-2 — Definitions: motor vehicle, electric bicycle HB 812 (2019) became Act 208

E-bikes: Uses the three-class e-bike framework under Idaho Code § 49-106.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 28 mph.Electric bicycles are regulated as bicycles and are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. They are allowed on bike paths, but local governments may restrict use on paths under their jurisdiction. The use of electric bicycles on singletrack mountain bike trails is determined by the land management agency or local authority with jurisdiction.E-scooters: No statewide statute specific to electric scooters found for reference. Rules are generally governed by local ordinances. Riders should check city or county codes for applicable requirements.Statutes: Idaho Code §49-106 (definitions: electric-assisted bicycle)

E-bikes: Uses the three-class e-bike framework under 625 ILCS 5/1-140.10, § 11-208, and § 11-1517.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 28 mph.Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Persons under 16 may not operate a Class 3 electric bicycle, though they may ride as passengers. Helmets are not mandated by state law for other riders, but safety standards apply locally. Electric bicycles may not be ridden on sidewalks. They are allowed on bike paths unless restricted by local authorities, which retain the power to regulate access.E-scooters: Illinois defines “low-speed electric scooter” under 625 ILCS 5/1-140.11 as a device weighing less than 100 pounds, with 2–3 wheels, handlebars, and a floorboard designed for standing, powered by electric motor and/or human power, with a max speed of 10 mph. Scooters are exempt from titling and registration (§ 3-102, § 3-402).Local governments and the Department of Natural Resources may authorize and regulate scooters on highways (≤35 mph), sidewalks, trails, and paths where bicycles are permitted (§ 11-1518). Riders must be at least 18 years old. Equipment requirements include a front white lamp and rear red reflector or light when riding at night, and an adequate brake. Riders may not carry passengers, packages preventing control, or operate under the influence. Sirens are prohibited except on official police/fire scooters. Scooters must be well maintained and may not be used on State highways.Statutes: 625 ILCS 5/1-140.10 — definition and classes of low-speed electric bicycle 625 ILCS 5/11-208 — local authority regulation of bicycles and e-bikes 625 ILCS 5/11-1517 — operation of bicycles and e-bikes 625 ILCS 5/1-140.11 — definition of low-speed electric scooter 625 ILCS 5/3-102 — registration and titling exemptions 625 ILCS 5/3-402 — vehicles subject to registration; exceptions 625 ILCS 5/11-1518 — operation of low-speed electric scooters: age, required equipment (brakes, lights, reflectors), helmet consideration

E-bikes: Uses the three-class e-bike framework under Ind. Code § 9-13-2, § 9-21-11-13.1, and § 14-8-2-185.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 28 mph.Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Class 3 e-bikes are not allowed on trails, bicycle paths, or multipurpose paths unless they are adjacent to a highway or roadway, or specifically allowed by local authority. Local jurisdictions may regulate where electric bicycles are permitted. Operators must be at least 15 years old to operate a Class 3 e-bike; persons under 15 may only ride as passengers. Helmets are required for anyone under 18 operating or riding as a passenger on a Class 3.E-scooters: Defines “electric foot scooter” under Ind. Code § 9-13-2-49.4 as a device with 2–3 wheels, handlebars, and a floorboard to stand upon, weighing no more than 100 pounds, powered by an electric motor capable of speeds up to 20 mph with or without human propulsion. Scooters are not classified as motor vehicles, motorcycles, or motor-driven cycles. Local governments may regulate operation and access, including sidewalk use, path access, and traffic integration. Riders should check city or county codes for specific requirements.Statutes: Ind. Code § 9-13-2 (definitions; includes e-bike classes) Ind. Code § 9-21-11-13.1 (operation and regulation of e-bikes; path access, helmet and age rules) Ind. Code § 14-8-2-185 (definition references for Class 1–3 e-bikes) Ind. Code § 9-13-2-49.4 (definition of electric foot scooter)

E-bikes: Uses the three-class e-bike framework under Iowa Code § 321.1 (definitions of low-speed electric bicycles) and Iowa Code § 321.235B (labels, operation, age, and path access).Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling and ceases assistance at 28 mph.Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, insurance, or driver’s license requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Persons under 16 may not operate a Class 3 electric bicycle; those under 16 may ride as passengers. Local jurisdictions may restrict path or trail access or other use of electric bicycles under their authority.E-scooters: No statewide statute specific to electric scooters found for reference. Rules are generally governed by local ordinances. Riders should check city or county codes for applicable requirements.Statutes: Iowa Code § 321.1 (definitions: low-speed electric bicycle) Iowa Code § 321.235B (operation, labeling, age limits for electric bicycles)

E-bikes: Uses the three-class electric-assisted bicycle framework under Kan. Stat. § 8-1489 and § 8-1592b.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 28 mph.Electric-assisted bicycles are afforded the same rights and duties as regular bicycles. They are not required to have liability insurance, a driver’s license, registration, certificate of title or license plate. Manufacturers/distributors must label e-bikes with class number, top assisted speed, and motor wattage. Persons under 16 may not operate a Class 3 electric-assisted bicycle; they may ride as passengers if the bicycle is designed for that. Local authorities may restrict or prohibit operation of specific classes of e-bikes or limit trail/path access in some cases.E-scooters: Kansas defines “electric-assisted scooter” under Kan. Stat. § 8-1498 as every self-propelled vehicle (other than an electric-assisted bicycle) with at least two wheels in contact with the ground, an electric motor, handlebars, a brake, and a deck designed to be stood upon while riding. Operation of electric-assisted scooters on interstate, federal or state highways is prohibited. Traffic regulations applicable to bicycles apply to electric-assisted scooters. Local governments (city or county) may adopt ordinances to restrict or prohibit operation on public highways, streets or sidewalks.Statutes: Kan. Stat. § 8-1489 (electric-assisted bicycle; class definitions) Kan. Stat. § 8-1592b (electric-assisted bicycles: rights, duties, labeling, age restrictions) Kan. Stat. § 8-1498 (definition: electric-assisted scooter) Kan. Stat. § 8-15,113 (operation of electric-assisted scooter; where; exceptions)

E-bikes: Defined as “bicycle” under Kentucky law so long as it has operable pedals and can be powered by motor and human effort combined. Same rules of the road apply to e-bikes and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to vehicle registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Helmets are not required. No minimum age is set for e-bike use. E-bikes are allowed on sidewalks and bike paths unless restricted locally.E-scooters: Kentucky defines “electric low-speed scooters” under KRS 189.289. Persons 16 years of age or older may operate an electric low-speed scooter on a highway, bicycle lane, or bicycle path. These scooters must have at least one headlamp and at least one rear red light when used from one-half hour after sunset until one-half hour before sunrise, or at other times of low visibility. Parking is allowed on sidewalks so long as pedestrian or other traffic is not impeded. Local governments may impose further ordinances.Statutes: KRS 189.289 (operation of electric low-speed scooter: age, visibility, operation locations) 601 KAR 14:020 (bicycle safety standards / equipment requirements)

E-bikes: Uses the three-class electric-assisted bicycle system under La. Rev. Stat. § 32:204.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling and ceases assistance at 28 mph; must be equipped with a speedometer.No person under 12 years old may operate a Class 3 e-bike. All operators and passengers on a Class 3 must wear a helmet meeting standards under La. R.S. § 32:199. Manufacturers and distributors must affix a permanent label indicating class, top-assisted speed, and motor wattage. E-bikes are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements.E-scooters: Louisiana defines an “electric low-speed scooter” as a rental or commercial scooter under 100 pounds, with handlebars, powered by electric motor or human power, and with a maximum motor-only speed of 20 mph on a paved level surface. Scooters may operate on sidewalks, bicycle paths, and highways, though parish, municipal, or state authorities may limit or prohibit operation for safety.Operators must ride near the right side of the roadway unless passing, preparing for a left turn, or avoiding hazards. Motor vehicles must allow at least three feet when overtaking a scooter. Scooters must be equipped with brakes and with proper lights or reflectors when used at night. Helmets are required for riders under 17. Statutes: La. Rev. Stat. § 32:1(16.1) (electric-assisted bicycle definitions / classes) La. Rev. Stat. § 32:299.3 (electric bicycle definition and operation) La. Rev. Stat. § 32:300.1.1 (electric low-speed scooters; operation; exceptions)

E-bikes: Uses the three-class framework under Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 29-A §101(22-B).Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling and ceases assistance at 28 mph.Operation follows bicycle rules in §2063. Class 3 use on shared use paths is restricted unless the path is within or adjacent to a highway or a local authority specifically allows it, and Class 3 must be equipped with a speedometer.E-scooters: Defined as a motorized scooter in §101(41-B) as a scooter with two or three wheels less than 10 inches in diameter in ground contact or powered by a motor not exceeding 750 watts. Riders have the same rights and duties as bicycle riders under §2063. When used at night, a white front lamp and a rear red or amber light or reflector are required, and the device must have a working brake, per §2084.Statutes: Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 29-A §101(22-B) (definition: electric bicycle / class definitions) Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 29-A §2063 (operation, labeling, age limits for electric bicycles) Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 29-A §101(41-B) (definition: motorized bicycle / class 3 / etc.) Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 29-A §2084 (equipment / safety requirements for bicycles, scooters, motorized bicycles/tricycles)

E-bikes: Maryland defines an electric bicycle under Md. Code, Transp. §11-117.1 as a bicycle that (1) is designed to be operated by human power with the assistance of an electric motor, (2) has fully operable pedals, (3) has a motor with a rating of not more than 750 watts, and (4) falls within one of the three defined classes. Riders of e-bikes are granted the same rights and duties as bicycle riders under §21-1205.1.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and ceases to assist once the bicycle reaches 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that can be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and ceases to assist once the bicycle reaches 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and ceases to assist once the bicycle reaches 28 mph.For Class 3 bicycles, the operator must be at least 16 years old and the bicycle must be equipped with a speedometer.E-scooters: Maryland defines an electric low speed scooter under §11-104 as a two-wheeled vehicle with handlebars, designed to be stood or sat upon by the operator, powered by an electric motor, and not capable of exceeding 20 mph. Under §21-1205.2, scooters have the same rights and duties as bicycles, subject to specific provisions. Scooters may not be operated on roads with speed limits greater than 50 mph, and operation on sidewalks is subject to local regulation. Safety equipment such as lights is required for nighttime use, consistent with bicycle requirements.Statutes: Md. Code, Transp. § 11-117.1 (Electric Bicycle: definitions; classes) Md. Code, Transp. § 11-104 (Bicycle defined; includes e-bikes, etc.) Md. Code, Transp. § 21-1205.1 (Restrictions on where bicycles, motor scooters, EPAMDs may ride) Md. Code, Transp. § 21-1205.2 (Operation of electric bicycles where bicycles allowed; age limits for some classes) Md. Code, Transp. § 22-420 (Equipment & labeling requirements for electric bicycles)

E-bikes: Massachusetts law (Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 90 §1) defines electric bicycles as bicycles or tricycles equipped with fully operable pedals and an electric motor of not more than 750 watts, separated into three classes. Riders of e-bikes have the same rights and duties as riders of bicycles under §§1 and 18, except where otherwise restricted.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and ceases once the bike reaches 20 mph. May be operated on roadways, bike lanes, and multi-use paths unless prohibited by local regulation. No operator’s license or registration is required. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used to propel the bicycle without pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. May be used on the same facilities as bicycles unless restricted locally. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only while pedaling and ceases at 28 mph. Operators must be at least 16 years old and wear helmets. Class 3 e-bikes are not permitted on bike paths unless specifically allowed by local authorities.E-scooters: Massachusetts defines scooters under ch. 90 §§1 and 1D as motorized scooters with handlebars, powered by electricity or gas, and capable of no more than 20 mph. Operators must be at least 16 years old, hold a valid driver’s license or learner’s permit, and wear helmets. Scooters may not be operated after sunset or before sunrise, may not carry passengers, and must stay off limited access or express state highways. Operators must stay to the right when passing and follow all traffic rules applicable to vehicles.Statutes: Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 90 § 1 (Definitions: includes “motor vehicles” / “motorized bicycle” / “motorized scooter” etc.) Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 90 § 1D (Motorized bicycles; sales; number sticker or plate) Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 90 § 18 (Special regulations, speed and use of vehicles) Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 90 § 19 (Dimensions and weights of motor vehicles, trucks and trailers) Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 90 § 20 (Penalties and punishments; violation of Chapter 90 provisions)

E-bikes: Michigan law (MCL §257.13e, §257.216, §257.312a) adopts the 3-class system for electric bicycles. They are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements.Class 1: Provides assistance only while pedaling and stops at 20 mph. Permitted on roads, bike lanes, and bike paths unless restricted by local regulation. No age limit, but helmets are required for riders under 18. Class 2: Equipped with a throttle to propel without pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Permitted in the same locations as bicycles unless restricted. Helmets required for riders under 18. Class 3: Provides assistance only while pedaling and ceases at 28 mph. Riders must be at least 14 years old. Helmets required for riders under 18. Class 3 bikes are not permitted on bike paths unless authorized by local authorities.E-scooters: Under MCL §257.13e and §257.801e, an electric skateboard or scooter is defined as a device with no more than two wheels, powered by an electric motor, with a maximum speed of 25 mph and weighing under 100 pounds. Operators must follow the same rules as bicyclists when on roadways. Scooters must have front lights and rear reflectors when operated at night. They may not carry passengers. Helmets are required for operators under 19 years old.Statutes: MCL § 257.13e (definition of “electric bicycle” in Michigan) MCL § 257.216 (Vehicles subject to registration & certificate of title; exceptions) MCL § 257.312a (Motorcycle endorsement; special restricted license to operate a moped) MCL § 257.801e (Moped registration certificate and requirements) MCL § 750.419 (Operating or riding motorcycle, moped, or other motor vehicle on bicycle path or sidewalk; misdemeanor; exception)

E-bikes: Minnesota recognizes the 3-class system for electric-assisted bicycles under Minn. Stat. §§169.011(15), 169.222(6). E-bikes are treated like bicycles and do not require registration, licensing, or insurance.Class 1: Motor provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing at 20 mph. Allowed on roadways, bike lanes, and bike paths unless restricted locally. No operator age limit in statute. Helmets required only for riders under 18 if on public school grounds (general state helmet law for minors does not extend to all bicycles). Class 2: Can be propelled by a throttle up to 20 mph. Permitted in the same places as bicycles unless restricted. Same helmet provisions apply. Class 3: Provides pedal-assist up to 28 mph. Riders must be at least 15 years old. Helmets are strongly recommended but not required by statute. Local authorities may restrict Class 3 use on certain paths.E-scooters: Minnesota law regulates motorized foot scooters separately (Minn. Stat. §169.011, §169.222). They must have handlebars, an electric or gas motor, and no more than two wheels. Maximum speed is 15 mph on level ground. Operators must be at least 12 years old, and helmets are required for those under 18. Scooters may be operated on roads and bike lanes but not on sidewalks.Statutes: Minn. Stat. § 169.011(27) (definition of “electric-assisted bicycle”, including Class 1-3 & power/speed limits) Minn. Stat. § 169.222(6) (equipment requirements for bicycles: lights, reflectors, brakes at night etc.)

E-bikes: Mississippi uses the three-class system under Miss. Code § 63-3-1315, enacted by HB 1195 (2021).Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and ceases to assist when the bicycle reaches 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used to propel the bicycle without pedaling, ceasing to assist when the bicycle reaches 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and ceases to assist when the bicycle reaches 28 mph.Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. A label permanently affixed to the bicycle must identify its class, top assisted speed, and motor wattage. Helmets are required for operators and passengers under 16 years of age when riding a Class 3 electric bicycle. Persons under 16 may ride as a passenger on a Class 3 e-bike if the bike is designed to carry more than one person.E-scooters: No statewide statute specific to electric scooters found for reference. Rules are generally governed by local ordinances. Riders should check city or county codes for applicable requirements.Statutes: Miss. Code § 63-3-1315 (electric bicycle definitions and regulations)

E-bikes: Missouri law recognizes electric bicycles under Mo. Rev. Stat. §§ 300.010, 301.010, and 307.194. They are defined as bicycles with two or three wheels, fully operable pedals, and an electric motor of less than 750 watts. The three-class system applies:Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and ceases to assist when the bicycle reaches 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that can be used exclusively to propel the bicycle but cannot propel it at more than 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling and ceases to assist when the bicycle reaches 28 mph.E-bikes are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance. Persons under 16 years of age may not operate a Class 3 e-bike but may ride as a passenger. Helmets are required for riders and passengers under 17 years of age when operating on a Class 3. Local authorities may regulate where e-bikes are allowed.E-scooters: Missouri defines motorized scooters in Mo. Rev. Stat. § 307.180. A motorized scooter is a device with not more than two wheels, handlebars, and powered by an internal combustion engine or electric motor not exceeding 50 cubic centimeters. Scooters must be operated on the roadway, not sidewalks, and riders are granted the same rights and duties as bicyclists.Statutes: Mo. Rev. Stat. § 300.010 (definitions including “electric bicycle” and classes) Mo. Rev. Stat. § 301.010 (general definitions, cross-references for electric bicycles etc.) Mo. Rev. Stat. § 307.194 (electric bicycles — rights, privileges, labeling, requirements) Mo. Rev. Stat. § 307.180 (motorized bicycles defined; excludes electric bicycles; insurance policy implications)

E-bikes: Defines electric bicycles and recognizes three classes under Mont. Code § 61-8-102(2)(g). Electric bicycles are generally treated the same as traditional bicycles. They may operate wherever bicycles are permitted and are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements. The state does not impose a statewide minimum operator age or helmet requirement for e-bikes; local jurisdictions may adopt their own rules.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, ceasing assistance at 28 mph.E-scooters: Defines “motorized scooter” under Mont. Code § 61-8-102 as a device with no more than two wheels, handlebars, and a floorboard designed to be stood upon during operation, powered by an electric motor. Operators must follow the same traffic rules that apply to bicycles, including roadway operation and signaling. Motorized scooters are not considered motor vehicles and are not subject to registration or insurance requirements.Statutes: Mont. Code § 61-8-102(2)(g) (electric bicycle definition) Mont. Code § 61-8-102 (definitions; includes motorized scooter) Mont. Code § 61-8-608 (bicycles or mopeds on sidewalks or bike lanes)

E-bikes: Uses the three-class system under LB 138 (2023), which classifies electric bicycles into three classes. Electric bicycles are afforded the same rights and duties as traditional bicycles and are not subject to motor vehicle registration, licensing, or insurance requirements.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and that ceases to assist when the bicycle reaches 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used to propel the bicycle without pedaling, but ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and that ceases to assist when the bicycle reaches 28 mph. Riders of Class 3 e-bikes must be at least 16 years of age.E-scooters: Defines “electric foot scooter” separately from e-bikes. An electric foot scooter has handlebars, a floorboard designed to be stood upon during operation, and is powered by an electric motor with or without human propulsion, capable of speeds up to 20 mph. Scooters are subject to the same rights and duties as bicycles on the roadway. They are not treated as motor vehicles and are not subject to registration, insurance, or licensing requirements.Statutes: LB 138 (2023), Nebraska Legislature LB 138 Enrolled / Chaptered Version Neb. Rev. Stat. § 60-678.01 (electric foot scooter definition)

E-bikes: Defines an electric bicycle as a device with fully operable pedals and an electric motor of less than 750 watts. Electric bicycles are regulated the same as traditional bicycles and are not subject to vehicle registration, licensing, or insurance requirements. Nevada recognizes the three-class system:Class 1: Provides assistance only when pedaling and stops when the bike reaches 20 mph. Class 2: May be propelled solely by the motor but ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Provides assistance only when pedaling and ceases when the bike reaches 28 mph. Riders must be at least 16 years old to operate a Class 3 e-bike.Local governments may regulate the use of e-bikes on paths and trails under their jurisdiction.E-scooters: Defines an “electric scooter” as a device weighing less than 100 pounds, designed to travel on not more than three wheels, with handlebars and a floorboard for standing, powered by an electric motor capable of up to 20 mph. Operators have the same rights and duties as bicyclists. Scooters are not classified as motor vehicles and do not require registration, insurance, or a driver’s license.Statutes: Nev. Rev. Stat. § 482.0287 (electric bicycle definition) Nev. Rev. Stat. § 483.067 (driver’s license not required for e-bikes and scooters) Nev. Rev. Stat. § 484B.017 (electric scooter definition) Nev. Rev. Stat. § 484B.763 (operation of bicycles and electric bicycles) NRS Ch. 484B (Rules of the Road) NRS 484B.270 (bike/e-bike lanes) NDOT: Bicycle, Pedestrian & Micromobility

E-bikes: Follows the three-class electric bicycle framework under N.H. Rev. Stat. § 265:144-a.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle, ceasing to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches 28 mph.Electric bicycles are not subject to motor vehicle registration, licensing, or insurance. Class 1 and Class 2 may be operated on any trail or path where bicycles are permitted. Class 3 may not be operated on a bicycle path or trail unless adjacent to a highway or specifically allowed by a local authority. Operators of Class 3 must be at least 16 years old. Helmets are required for anyone under 18 operating or riding as a passenger on a Class 3. Local governments retain authority to regulate the use of electric bicycles.E-scooters: New Hampshire does not have an enacted statue that specifically defines or authorizes stand-up electric scooters. RSA 259:27-a covers electric bicycles, not scooters. At present, scooters fall under mor general motor vehicle classifications, such as the “motor-driven cycle” definition in RSA 259:65, which includes motor scooters but excludes electric bibycles. Legislative attempts to create a scooter-specific definition (RSA 259:27-b in HB 1445, 2024) and to regulate “personal electric vehicles” more broadly (HB 715, 2025) did not pass.Statutes:N.H. Rev. Stat. § 265:144-a (electric bicycles) N.H. Rev. Stat. § 259:65 (motor-driven cycle / motor scooter

E-bikes: Adopts the three-class framework for electric bicycles but regulates them differently under traffic code. Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and ceases to assist at 20 mph. Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor that can propel the bike without pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Both Class 1 and Class 2 e-bikes are treated as bicycles, not motor vehicles, and may be operated on streets, highways, and bicycle paths where traditional bicycles are allowed, unless specifically prohibited by local ordinance. They are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements. Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling and ceases to assist at 28 mph. These are treated as motorized bicycles under New Jersey law, requiring registration, a valid driver’s license, and compliance with applicable equipment standards.E-scooters: New Jersey defines a “low-speed electric scooter” as a scooter weighing less than 100 pounds with handlebars and an electric motor, capable of a maximum speed of not more than 19 mph. These devices are permitted on streets and highways with a posted speed limit of 25 mph or less, and on bicycle paths, but are prohibited on sidewalks. Operators must follow the same traffic laws that apply to bicycles. No license, registration, or insurance is required.Statutes: N.J. Rev. Stat. § 39:1-1 (definitions: bicycle, low-speed electric bicycle, low-speed electric scooter) N.J. Rev. Stat. § 39:4-14.3 (operation of bicycles, e-bikes, and e-scooters) N.J. Rev. Stat. § 39:4-14.16 (operation of low-speed electric bicycles and scooters) P.L.2019, c.121 (law amending Title 39 to add definitions and rules for e-bikes and e-scooters)

E-bikes: New Mexico law establishes a three-class sytem for electric-assisted bicycles (N.M. Stat. § 66-3-709). Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and ceases assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and ceases assistance at 28 mph. Riders must be at least 16 years of age to operate a Class 3 e-bike. Helmets are required for operators and passengers under age 18 when riding a Class 3 e-bike. E-bikes are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles, and they are generally granted the same rights and duties as bicycles. Local authorities retain the ability to regulate where e-bikes may operate.E-scooters: No statewide statute specific to electric scooters found for reference. Rules are generally governed by local ordinances. Riders should check city or county codes for applicable requirements.Statutes: N.M. Stat. § 66-3-709 (operation of electric-assisted bicycles) N.M. Stat. § 66-3-1102 (electric personal assistive mobility devices)

E-bikes: Recognizes three classes of electric bicycles under N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law §§ 102-c, 114-e, and 1242.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling and ceases to assist at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that can be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and ceases to assist at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 25 mph.Class 3 bicycles may only be operated in cities of one million or more residents, unless authorized by local law. Operators must be at least 16 years old for any class. Helmets are required for Class 3 riders of all ages, and for Class 1 and 2 riders under age 18. Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements. Municipalities may adopt additional local restrictions regarding operation on bike paths, sidewalks, and trails.E-scooters: Defined in N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 114-e as “electric scooters,” which are devices weighing less than 100 pounds, with handlebars, a floorboard, and powered by an electric motor. Maximum speed is capped at 20 mph. Riders must be at least 16 years old, and helmets are required for operators under 18. Scooters may not be operated on sidewalks but are permitted on streets with speed limits of 30 mph or less and in designated bike lanes. Local municipalities may regulate or restrict operation.Statutes: N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 102-c (electric bicycle definitions / classes) N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 114-e (electric scooter definition) N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1242 (operation of electric-assisted bicycles) N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1238 (helmet requirements)

E-bikes: Follows the three-class e-bike system under N.C. Gen. Stat. § 20-4.01(7a). “Electric Assisted Bicycle” is classified as a bicycle with two or three wheels that is equipped with a seat or saddle for use by the rider, fully operable pedals for human propulsion, and an electric motor of no more than 750 watts, whose maximum speed on a level surface when powered solely by such a motor is no greater than 20 miles per hour.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that can be used exclusively to propel the bicycle, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 28 mph.E-bikes are granted the same rights and duties as bicycles. Riders of Class 3 e-bikes must be at least 16 years old, and helmets are required for all Class 3 operators and passengers. No registration, insurance, or driver’s license is required for any class of e-bike. Local authorities may regulate the use of e-bikes on paths and trails.E-scooters: Defined under N.C. Gen. Stat. § 20-4.01(49) as “electric standup scooters.” Scooters must have no more than three wheels in contact with the ground, a floorboard designed to be stood upon, and handlebars. They must be powered by an electric motor with a maximum speed of 20 mph. Riders are subject to the same rights and duties as bicyclists, except scooters may not be operated on sidewalks. Local governments may establish additional restrictions on operation, access, and parking.Statutes: N.C. Gen. Stat. § 20-4.01(7a) – Definition of electric assisted bicycle N.C. Gen. Stat. § 20-4.01(49) – Definition of electric standup scooter

E-bikes: Recognizes electric bicycles under N.D. Cent. Code § 39-01-01(48) as a bicycle equipped with fully operable pedals and an electric motor of less than 750 watts. The definition aligns with the three-class framework.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a motor that can be used exclusively to propel the bicycle, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 28 mph.Operators of Class 3 e-bikes must be at least 18 years old. A driver’s license or permit is required under § 39-06-14.1. Helmets are not mandated by statewide law, but local authorities may impose requirements. Registration and insurance are not required.E-scooters: No statute in Title 39 explicitly defines or regulates electric scooters. Their operation falls under local ordinances and municipal traffic codes. Riders should check with city or county rules for specific requirements.Statutes: N.D. Cent. Code § 39-01-01(48) (definition of electric bicycle) N.D. Cent. Code § 39-10.1-09 (labeling, operation, tampering of electric bicycles)

E-bikes: Recognizes the three-class system under Ohio Rev. Code §§ 4501.01(B), 4509.01(I), 4511.01(B), (H), (RRR), and 4511.522.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 28 mph.E-bikes are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements. Riders under 16 may not operate Class 3 e-bikes, though they may ride as passengers. Helmets are required for anyone under 18 riding or operating a Class 3. Local jurisdictions may restrict the use of Class 3 e-bikes on bike paths.E-scooters: Defined under Ohio Rev. Code § 4511.01(LLL) as a device weighing less than 100 pounds, with handlebars and a floorboard, powered by an electric motor, and not capable of speeds greater than 20 mph. Scooters are not classified as motor vehicles. Operation is permitted on streets with speed limits of 35 mph or less unless restricted locally. Riders under 16 may not operate E-scooters:s, and helmets are recommended but not mandated by state law.Statutes: Ohio Rev. Code § 4501.01 (definitions; “vehicle,” e-bike exemptions) Ohio Rev. Code § 4509.01 (financial responsibility definitions) Ohio Rev. Code § 4511.01 (definitions: bicycle, vehicle, e-bike classes) Ohio Rev. Code § 4511.522 (operation of low-speed e-bikes) Ohio Rev. Code § 4511.514 (low-speed micromobility devices / e-scooters)

E-bikes: Adopts the three-class system under Oklahoma Stat. tit. 47 § 1-104, § 1-134, § 11-1103, § 11-1209, and § 12-701.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, ceasing assistance at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing assistance at 28 mph.E-bikes are not treated as motor vehicles, so they do not require registration, licensing, or insurance. Riders under 16 may not operate Class 3 e-bikes, though they may ride as passengers. Helmets are required for anyone under 18 operating or riding a Class 3. Class 1 and 2 e-bikes may be used on bicycle and multipurpose paths unless prohibited locally. Class 3 e-bikes are restricted to roadways or adjacent paths unless allowed by local ordinance.E-scooters: Defined as “electric foot scooters” under Oklahoma Stat. tit. 47. An E-scooters: must have handlebars, a floorboard for standing, and be powered by an electric motor with a maximum speed of 20 mph. They are not classified as motor vehicles. Riders must generally follow bicycle rules. Local jurisdictions have authority to regulate scooter operation, including whether scooters are permitted on sidewalks and shared-use paths.Statutes: Okla. Stat. tit. 47 § 1-104 (definitions: bicycle; includes e-bikes, search for “1-104”) Okla. Stat. tit. 47 § 1-134 (motor-driven cycle; e-bike references, search for “1-134”) Okla. Stat. tit. 47 § 11-1103 (operation of bicycles and e-bikes, search for “11-1103”) Okla. Stat. tit. 47 § 11-1209 (regulation of bicycles and scooters, search for “11-1209”) Okla. Stat. tit. 47 § 12-701 (equipment requirements; lighting, search for “12-701”)

E-bikes: Recognizes electric-assisted bicycles under Or. Rev. Stat. § 801.258 as bicycles equipped with operable pedals and an electric motor of no more than 1,000 watts, providing assistance only up to 20 mph.Class 1: Pedal-assist only, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 2: Throttle-capable but limited to 20 mph. Class 3: Not separately defined under Oregon law; e-bikes above 20 mph motor assistance are not permitted.E-bikes are not subject to motor vehicle registration, licensing, or insurance. Riders must be at least 16 years old to operate an e-bike. Helmets are required for riders under 16. E-bikes generally follow the same roadway and path rules as bicycles, but local jurisdictions may restrict their use on sidewalks or multi-use paths.E-scooters: Defined under Or. Rev. Stat. § 801.348 as “motor assisted scooters,” equipped with a floorboard for standing, handlebars, and powered by an electric motor not exceeding 1,000 watts with a top speed of 24 mph. Riders must be at least 16 years old. Helmets are required for riders under 16. Scooters cannot be operated on sidewalks, freeways, or streets with speeds above 25 mph unless in a designated bike lane. Local governments may regulate additional operating rules.Statutes: Or. Rev. Stat. § 801.258 (definition of electric assisted bicycle) Or. Rev. Stat. § 814.405 (status of e-bikes under bicycle laws) Or. Rev. Stat. § 814.410 (unlawful operation of bicycle on a sidewalk, applies to e-bikes/scooters) Or. Rev. Stat. § 807.020 (license exemptions; includes e-bikes and scooters)

E-bikes: Adopted the three-class system through Senate Bill 997 and incorporated into 75 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 102. E-bikes must have operable pedals and an electric motor of no more than 750 watts.Class 1: Provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a throttle, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 3: Provides pedal-assist only, ceasing at 28 mph.E-bikes are considered bicycles if they meet the above definitions and are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance. Riders must be at least 16 years old to operate Class 3 e-bikes. Helmets are required for riders and passengers under 12 years old. Operation is generally permitted wherever bicycles are allowed, but local authorities may impose restrictions.E-scooters: Not explicitly regulated under the same provisions. Pennsylvania has historically restricted E-scooters: use on public roads due to federal safety classification issues. Pilot programs (such as those in Pittsburgh) have allowed limited use, but no statewide statutory framework equivalent to the e-bike system currently exists. Riders should consult local city or county ordinances for applicable rules.Statutes: 75 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 102 (definitions; includes “pedalcycle with electric assist”) 75 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 3510 (operation of pedalcycles with electric assist) 75 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 3508 (pedalcycle helmets for certain persons) 75 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 3514 (operation of pedalcycles on sidewalks and pedalcycle paths)

E-bikes: Recognizes electric bicycles and applies a three-class system under R.I. Gen. Laws § 31-1-3. Electric bicycles must have fully operable pedals and a motor of less than 750 watts.Class 1: Provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 2: May be propelled by a throttle, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 3: Provides pedal-assist only, ceasing at 28 mph.E-bikes are generally afforded the same rights and duties as bicycles under § 31-19-3. Riders of Class 3 e-bikes must be at least 16 years old and are required to wear a helmet. Local jurisdictions may regulate or restrict use on bike paths or trails not adjacent to roadways.E-scooters: Defined under § 31-1-3 and regulated as “electric motorized scooters.” These devices typically have a floorboard for standing, two or three wheels, and a handlebar. They are subject to many of the same traffic laws as bicycles under § 31-19-3. Riders must follow roadway rules, yield to pedestrians, and use proper lighting and reflectors when riding at night. Local governments may impose additional restrictions.Statutes: R.I. Gen. Laws Title 31, Ch. 1, § 31-1-3 – Definitions (includes electric bicycles & scooters) R.I. Gen. Laws Title 31, Ch. 3, § 31-3-22 – Registration exemptions R.I. Gen. Laws Title 31, Ch. 5, § 31-5-1(b) – Dealer regulations reference R.I. Gen. Laws Title 31, Ch. 19, § 31-19-3 – Rights & duties of bicycle riders (applies to e-bikes & scooters) R.I. Gen. Laws Title 31, Ch. 19.7, § 31-19.7-1 – Three-class system for electric bicycles

E-bikes: Recognizes electric bicycles under S.C. Code Ann. § 56-1-10(28) and follows the three-class system. An e-bike must have fully operable pedals and an electric motor of less than 750 watts.Class 1: Provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 2: May be propelled by a throttle, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 3: Provides pedal-assist only, ceasing at 28 mph.E-bikes are not subject to motor vehicle registration, licensing, or insurance. Riders of Class 3 e-bikes must be at least 16 years old, and helmets are required for Class 3 riders and passengers under 18. Class 3 bicycles are not permitted on bike paths unless adjacent to a roadway or otherwise authorized locally.E-scooters: South Carolina law does not contain a specific statewide statute defining or regulating stand-up electric scooters. These devices are generally treated under local ordinances, and rules can vary by city or county. Riders should check municipal codes for restrictions on where scooters may operate.Statutes: S.C. Code Ann. § 56-1-10(28) – Definition of electric-assist bicycles

E-bikes: Adopted the three-class electric bicycle system under S.D. Codified Laws § 32-20B-9 through § 32-20B-11. An electric bicycle must have fully operable pedals, a motor under 750 watts, and fall into one of the three classes.Class 1: Provides motor assistance only when pedaling, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 2: May be propelled solely by a throttle, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 3: Provides pedal-assist only, ceasing at 28 mph.Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance. Class 3 operators must be at least 16 years old. Helmets are required for riders under 18 on Class 3 e-bikes. Class 3 bicycles are not permitted on bike paths or trails unless adjacent to a roadway or specifically allowed by local authority.E-scooters: South Dakota law does not provide a separate statewide definition for stand-up electric scooters. These devices may fall under general motor-driven cycle or local ordinance regulation depending on speed and design. Riders should review city and county rules for access on sidewalks, bike paths, or roadways.Statutes: S.D. Codified Laws ch. 32-20B-9 through 20B-11 – Electric bicycle definitions and classifications, requirements S.D. Codified Laws § 32-3-1 – Definition of motor vehicle (registration provisions) S.D. Codified Laws § 32-20-1 – Motorcycles, motor-driven cycles (general provisions) S.D. Codified Laws § 32-35-1 – Financial responsibility required (insurance) S.D. Codified Laws § 32-20-4 (protective helmet required for minors) S.D. Codified Laws § 32-26-21.1 – Operation of bicycles on sidewalks

E-bikes: Uses the three-class electric bicycle system under Tenn. Code § 55-8-101(40). Electric bicycles must have operable pedals and a motor of less than 750 watts.Class 1: Provides pedal-assist only, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 2: May be propelled solely by a throttle, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 3: Provides pedal-assist only, ceasing at 28 mph.Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance. Operators of Class 3 must be at least 14 years old. Helmets are required for riders under 16 years old on Class 3. Class 3 e-bikes are restricted from multi-use paths unless adjacent to a roadway or otherwise permitted by local ordinance.E-scooters: Defines “electric foot scooters” under Tenn. Code § 55-8-302 as devices with no more than two wheels, operable handlebars, a floorboard, and powered by an electric motor capable of speeds up to 20 mph. Scooters are subject to bicycle traffic laws but are prohibited on sidewalks. Local governments may regulate or restrict operation.Statutes: Tenn. Code § 55-8-101(40) — Definitions (motor vehicle; exclusions for e-bikes and scooters) Tenn. Code § 55-8-301 — Electric bicycle definitions and classes (1–3) Tenn. Code § 55-8-302 — Requirements and exemptions (e-bikes not motor vehicles) Tenn. Code § 55-8-306 — Operation of electric bicycles on streets, paths, and trails Tenn. Code § 55-8-307 (prohibited operation of Class 3 e-bike by persons under 14; helmet rules)

E-bikes: Recognizes electric bicycles under Tex. Transp. Code § 541.201(24) as bicycles equipped with fully operable pedals and an electric motor of less than 750 watts. The state follows the three-class e-bike system.Class 1: Provides pedal-assist only, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 2: May be propelled by a throttle, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 3: Provides pedal-assist only, ceasing at 28 mph.E-bikes are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance. Riders under 15 may not operate Class 3 e-bikes but may ride as passengers. Local authorities may regulate e-bike use on paths and trails.E-scooters: Defines “motor-assisted scooters” under Tex. Transp. Code § 551.351 as devices with a deck, handlebars, and a motor not exceeding 750 watts. Scooters are permitted on streets with speed limits of 35 mph or less but may cross higher-speed roads. Municipalities and counties may regulate operation, including sidewalk use and shared-mobility programs. Riders have the same rights and duties as bicyclists, except where provisions do not apply.Statutes: Tex. Transp. Code § 502.143 – Registration exemptions Tex. Transp. Code § 541.201 – Definitions (includes electric bicycle classes) Tex. Transp. Code § 541.202 – Rights and duties Tex. Transp. Code § 551.001 – Applicability of chapter (bicycles, e-bikes) Tex. Transp. Code § 551.106 – Operation of electric bicycles Tex. Transp. Code § 551.351 et seq. – Motor-assisted scooters

E-bikes: Uses the three-class e-bike system under Utah Code § 41-6a-102 and § 41-6a-1115.5. Electric bicycles are defined as bikes with operable pedals and an electric motor not exceeding 750 watts.Class 1: Provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 2: May be propelled by a throttle, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 3: Provides pedal-assist only, ceasing at 28 mph.E-bikes are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance. Riders under 14 may not operate Class 3 e-bikes, though those 8–14 may operate Class 1 or 2 only if accompanied by a parent or guardian. Helmets are required for riders under 18 operating Class 3 e-bikes. Local authorities may regulate trail and path access, though generally e-bikes are allowed where traditional bicycles are permitted unless otherwise restricted.E-scooters: Defined under Utah Code § 41-6a-1115.5 and § 41-6a-102 as devices with handlebars, a floorboard, and an electric motor not exceeding 2000 watts, designed for speeds up to 20 mph. Riders under 15 must be under direct supervision of a parent or guardian. Helmets are required for operators under 18. Scooters may be operated on roads with speed limits up to 25 mph, and on paths or sidewalks unless prohibited by local ordinance. Riders have the same rights and duties as bicyclists, except where provisions are inconsistent.Statutes: Utah Code § 41-6a-102 (definitions; e-bikes, scooters) Utah Code § 41-6a-1115.5 (operation of motor-assisted scooters) Utah Code § 41-6a-1505 (protective headgear and e-bike operation rules)

E-bikes: Adopts the three-class system under Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 23 § 4(45)(A) and § 1136. Electric bicycles are defined as having operable pedals and an electric motor not exceeding 750 watts.Class 1: Provides pedal-assist only, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 2: May be propelled by a throttle, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 3: Provides pedal-assist only, ceasing at 28 mph.E-bikes are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance. Riders must be at least 16 years old to operate a Class 3. Helmets are required for Class 3 operators and passengers under 18. Local governments may regulate operation on paths, trails, and sidewalks, but unless restricted, e-bikes follow the same access rules as bicycles.E-scooters: Defined under Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 23 § 4(46) as devices powered by an electric motor, designed to transport a single person, typically having a floorboard and handlebars. They are not treated as motor vehicles. Scooters may be operated on roads and paths where bicycles are permitted unless specifically restricted. Local authorities may regulate their operation, including sidewalk and trail use.Statutes: 23 V.S.A. § 4 — Definitions (see subsection (45)(A): “electric bicycle”; subsection (46): “electric scooter”) Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 23, § 1136a (Electric Bicycles — operation, path use, municipal authority) Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 23, § 1136 (Application of bicycle laws to motor-assisted bicycles; exemptions)

E-bikes: Adopts the three-class system under Va. Code § 46.2-100 and § 46.2-908.1:1. Electric power-assisted bicycles are defined as having operable pedals, a seat, and an electric motor of no more than 750 watts.Class 1: Provides pedal-assist only, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 2: May be propelled by a throttle, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 3: Provides pedal-assist only, ceasing at 28 mph.E-bikes are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements. Persons under 14 may not operate a Class 3 e-bike on highways. Helmets are required for riders 14 and younger operating or riding on Class 3 e-bikes. Unless restricted by local ordinance, Class 1 and 2 may be operated wherever bicycles are allowed; Class 3 is restricted from shared-use paths unless adjacent to a highway or specifically allowed by local authority.E-scooters: Defined in Va. Code § 46.2-100 and § 46.2-904.1 as motorized scooters powered by an electric motor, designed for single-rider use. Riders must be at least 14 years old. Scooters are limited to 20 mph and must follow bicycle traffic laws. Local governments may regulate operation, including sidewalk and trail use. Helmets are strongly encouraged, and some localities may require them for riders under 18.Statutes: Va. Code § 46.2-100 – Definitions (includes electric power-assisted bicycles & scooters) Va. Code § 46.2-904.1 – Operation of motorized scooters Va. Code § 46.2-905 – Operation of bicycles, e-bikes, and scooters on roadways/paths Va. Code § 46.2-906.1 – Helmet and age requirements Va. Code § 46.2-908.1:1 – Electric power-assisted bicycles; classification & regulation

E-bikes: Uses the three-class e-bike framework under RCW 46.04.169, RCW 46.04.071, and RCW 46.61.710. Electric-assisted bicycles are defined as having two or three wheels, fully operable pedals, and an electric motor of no more than 750 watts.Class 1: Provides pedal-assist only, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 2: May be propelled by a throttle, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 3: Provides pedal-assist only, ceasing at 28 mph.E-bikes are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance. Riders under 16 may not operate a Class 3 e-bike but may ride as passengers. Helmets are required if mandated by local ordinances, as state law leaves helmet requirements to local jurisdictions. Class 1 and 2 may be operated on shared-use paths unless restricted; Class 3 is limited to roadways, bike lanes, and paths adjacent to roadways unless specifically permitted by local authority.E-scooters: Defined under RCW 46.20.500 and RCW 46.37 as motorized foot scooters with two or three wheels, a floorboard, and handlebars, powered by an electric motor capable of speeds up to 20 mph. Riders must be at least 16 years old unless a local ordinance sets otherwise. Scooters may be operated on roadways, bike lanes, and paths where bicycles are permitted, unless restricted by local government. Equipment requirements include lights or reflectors when used at night. Helmets may be required under local laws.Statutes: RCW 46.04.169 – Definition of electric-assisted bicycle RCW 46.04.336 – Definition of motorized foot scooter RCW 46.20.500 – Driver’s license requirements (includes exemptions for e-bikes and scooters) RCW 46.61.710 – Operation of electric-assisted bicycles and motorized foot scooters (road/path access) RCW 46.37.280 – Bicycle and e-bike lighting/equipment requirements RCW 46.37.530 – Helmet and protective standards (motorcycles, mopeds, cycles)

E-bikes: West Virginia law defines electric bicycles under § 17C-1-70 using the three-class system.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing at 28 mph.Electric bicycles are exempt from registration, licensing, or insurance requirements. Operators must be 16 or older to ride a Class 3 e-bike, (younger riders may only ride as passengers). Helmets are required for all operators and passengers of Class 3 and for anyone under 15 under the general helmet statute. Local governments may regulate access to bike paths and trails.E-scooters: No statewide statute specific to electric scooters found for reference. Rules are generally governed by local ordinances. Riders should check city or county codes for applicable requirements.Statutes: W. Va. Code § 17C-1-70 – Electric bicycles; definitions (three-class system) W. Va. Code § 17C-11-8 – Electric bicycles; requirements, exclusions, age restrictions, modifications W. Va. Code § 17C-11A-4- Helmet requirements (under age 15) W. Va. Code § 17C-10A-2- Equipment and operating standards for electric personal assistive mobility devices

E-bikes: Uses the three-class system under Wis. Stat. § 340.01 and § 346.806.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing at 28 mph.Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Operators of Class 3 e-bikes must be at least 16 years old; younger persons may only ride as passengers. Local governments may regulate e-bike use on bicycle paths or trails under their jurisdiction.E-scooters: Wisconsin law does not provide a separate statutory definition for electric scooters. Their use may be governed under broader motor vehicle or toy vehicle definitions. Operation is typically controlled at the municipal level. Riders should consult local ordinances for requirements.Statutes: Wis. Stat. § 340.01 (definitions, including e-bikes subs. (15ph) & e-scooters subs. (15ps)) Wis. Stat. § 346.806 (special rules for electric bicycles) Wis. Stat. § 346.80 (riding bicycle, electric scooter, or electric personal assistive mobility device on roadway) Wis. Stat. § 346.803 (riding bicycle, electric scooter, or electric personal assistive mobility device on bicycle way) Wis. Stat. § 346.805 (riding electric personal assistive mobility devices / scooters on sidewalks)

E-bikes: Wyoming uses the three-class system for electric bicycles under W.S. 31-5-707, W.S. 31-1-101, W.S. 31-5-102, W.S. 31-5-109, W.S. 31-5-119, W.S. 31-5-203, W.S. 31-5-702, and W.S. 31-5-901.Class 1: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 2: Equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, ceasing at 20 mph. Class 3: Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when pedaling, ceasing at 28 mph.Electric bicycles are not subject to registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Riders of Class 3 e-bikes must be at least 16 years old, while younger riders may only ride as passengers. Local governments may regulate access to paths, trails, and other facilities.E-scooters: Wyoming law does not provide a specific statutory definition for electric scooters. Regulation is left largely to municipalities, which may impose rules on operation, access, and equipment. Riders should review local ordinances for guidance.Statutes: Wyo. Stat. § 31-1-101 – Definitions (motor vehicles; exclusions for electric bicycles) Wyo. Stat. § 31-5-102 – Definitions (traffic code; bicycle and vehicle terms) Wyo. Stat. § 31-5-109 – Powers of local authorities (regulation of bicycles/e-bikes) Wyo. Stat. § 31-5-119 – Clinging to vehicles (applies to bicycles/e-bikes) Wyo. Stat. § 31-5-203 – Obedience to traffic-control devices (bicycles and e-bikes) Wyo. Stat. § 31-5-702 – Rights and duties of persons riding bicycles and e-bikes Wyo. Stat. § 31-5-707 – Electric bicycles (class definitions, labeling, exemptions) Wyo. Stat. § 31-5-901 – Unsafe vehicles / general equipment requirements